Economic Problem of Scarcity and Resource Allocation

Financial Problem of Scarcity and Resource Allocation Assignment 1 1(a)Explain the financial issue of shortage and asset assignment, and assess the job of chance expenses in deciding how financial matters decide All the issues which are related with cash are known as financial issue. It is otherwise called focal, essential or key financial issue. It express that there is shortage that is, the accessibility of constrained assets are insufficient to fulfill the need and request of the general public. So the inquiry is that how to control and what to be delivered, and how the capital and work are used to evacuate this kind of issues. The issues of financial aspects show up for the most part with two issues: Boundless human needs Constrained assets Shortage Shortage is one of the most significant and fundamental issue in which human needs are boundless so it makes challenges to satisfy the fulfillment of human needs since assets are restricted. In this way we have chosen one alternative. We need to make tradeoffs. We need to utilize our assets with proficiently and respectful way. We will undoubtedly do so on the grounds that assets are restricted and requests of our own are boundless. Without shortage, the order of financial aspects can't be available. Financial is a field of dissemination, creation and utilization of products and ventures. On the off chance that the general public neglects to create the merchandise as indicated by the necessary request and neglect to disperse the products similarly between the social orders and didn’t satisfy the needs and requests of people, at that point the investigation of the financial issues become exhausting. If there should arise an occurrence of shortage not shows up, and afterward the products and enterprises would be free. Along these lines the choice about shortage would be made. Assignment assets issues happen because of shortage of assets and offer the response of the inquiry that what might be fulfilled and which ought to be left unsatisfied. As it were we can say that what to create and where it is produce and the amount it will delivered? Since creation of products in most extreme amount required more assets and assets are scant. These two elements are run together in the event that the creations of certain items expanded, at that point the assets are likewise being expanded on the grounds that more creations require more assets. The issue of appropriation contracts with the topic of whether to items capital products or client merchandise. At the point when the interest of certain items are increment then the general public take choices of creating capital merchandise and the assets pulled back from the creation of customer products. So all things considered both the capital and client merchandise are importance 1(b)Explain how showcase balance is accomplished It is the condition of the market where the interest and flexibly are equivalent in the market. At the point when the costs of the products and enterprises are engaged with the flexibly and request balance state, balance cost is accomplished. At whatever point a market is in the condition of harmony and the costs of merchandise and enterprises are not changed except if any outside elements changes impact on it, it brings about an interruption of the balance. Market harmony can be best characterize on the assistance of underneath model and graphical portrayal For Example: let’s assume the week by week flexibly and request program of soda in Students at different costs (among 30p and PKR 1.10p) is appeared Cost Amount Demanded Amount Supplied 1.10 0 1000 1.00 100 900 90 200 800 80 300 700 70 400 600 60 500 500 50 600 400 40 700 300 30 800 200 Balance As it very well may be seen this market will be in the condition of balance at a cost of 60p according to soda. Now the interest and gracefully of sodas is to be equivalent and will be the reasonable market which implies that 500 sodas will be introduced available to be purchased at the cost of 60p and same 500 beverages will be purchased that outcome is no adjustment popular and flexibly at value 60. Cost Amount Demanded Amount Supplied 1.10 0 1000 1.00 100 900 90 200 800 80 300 700 70 400 600 60 500 500 50 600 400 40 700 300 30 800 200 At the point when the cost is higher than harmony, flexibly will be more than 500 yet request will be under 500 so in the short run there will be an abundance of gracefully. Graphically we can say that flexibly expands outwards alongside the bend and request contracts inwards. Such a progressions are called developments along the interest or gracefully bend in response to an adjustment in cost. Requests of item contracts because of more significant expenses consequently the replacement impact and salary impact make a chain to demoralize request just as when request stretches out at lower costs, the replacement and pay impact make a chain to support request. In term of gracefully the supplier’s conviction of higher income and benefits when increment in costs support up flexibly along these lines increment in cost decreses the expense of chance for providing more and the other way around. The expense of chance of flexibly describes to the likely substitutes of the variables of creation. Likewise on account of a school or college container that provisions soda pops or different items become pretty much appealing to gracefully when the cost of sodas changes.In reaction to changes in costs, changes popular and flexibly expressed to as the flagging and motivation impacts of progress in cost. On the off chance that the data passing quickly between the purchaser and vender in the market proficiently, the overabundance of interest and disposal of gracefully will be accomplished and the markett development will quickly oblige (for the situation among understudies and a school flask). Simliarly on account of gracefully pointless, the cost will alter downwards and flexibly will be diminished by the dealer with holding abundance stocks. Though on account of surplus interest, the vender will rapidly disregard their stock that will create an expansion in cost and improved flexibly. So to make a steady balance value it is fundamental and rely upon the proficiency of market working and closer to settle the market. 1(c)Assess the significance of flexibility in showcase collaborations In the market cooperation the flexibility is significant element of how the receptive and monetary variable is to a change in to another. Versatility is one of the most huge ideas in neoclassical financial hypothesis. It is the significant and thought in the event of spontaneous evaluation, immaterial origination as they convey to the hypothesis of the firm circulation of cash and various classifications of merchandise as they impart to the hypothesis of client superb. Versatility is additionally altogether significant in any contention of the cash circulation and generally significant in client advantage, maker advantage or government advantage. Versatility could be determined as the proportion of the extent change in one variable to the extent change in another variable, when the finishing up factor impacts the previous. Regularly utilized flexibility disposes of value versatility; gracefully versatility, pay flexibility and substitution versatility between issues of creation and versatility of bury dynamic substitution. Following are some significant focuses which show the significance of flexibility in the market collaboration. Global exchange It is imperative to keep data about the versatility of interest of merchandise while trading of fix cost of items. An association may fix significant expenses for the products with inelastic interest. In this way on the off chance that the necessary interest in the bringing in nation is versatile, at that point sending out nation will fix low cost. Choices of Monopolist: A monopolist ponders the earth of interest though fixing cost of his fabricated merchandise. On the off chance that request for the benefit of the made products is flexible, around then he will fix low cost. In any case, if request is inelastic, around then he is in a circumstance to fix a significant expense. Rule to the makers The flexibility idea gives the plan to the producers of publicizing the sum to be spent on. If there should be an occurrence of flexible in ware request, at that point the maker should be expended more sums on publicizing by expanding the deal. Help to worker's organizations The worker's guild has the intensity of expanding the wages of work where item request is inelastic. It the interest is generally versatile then the worker's organization never power for higher wages. Significance in tax assessment strategy As regards its applied advantages, the thought has gigantic centrality in the extent of government money. At the point when a money serve requires an expense on a guaranteed item, he needs to comprehend whether the interest for that item is flexible or inelastic. If there should arise an occurrence of inelastic sought after he can utilize his capacity of expanding the expense and can accumulate gigantic sum as income. Yet, on the off chance that the interest is flexible, at that point he is the circumstance of expanding the duty rate. By doing so the absolute income diminished and interest for ware is determined. 1(d)Compare how costs are set in various market structures An industry contrasts its items and all of those by whom its items are recognize naturally or coordinate with it and a company’s showcase methodologies and structure dependent of that organization which they contend. An association or an organization is secret into four market structure. These are: Flawless rivalry Monopolistic rivalry Oligopoly Imposing business model Immaculate rivalry A market structure in which the five after condition are experienced. All the associations sell a vague item. All the associations can't control the cost of item into the market. All the associations have similarly minor offers in advertise. Buyers know every single thing about the item cost of offer and buy. The associations are sorted by autonomy of free section and exit. Monopolistic rivalry this circumstance is made when the maker sell out those

Automated Sales and Inventory System Essay

2.1 Background of Study Data framework is an assortment of equipment, programming and individuals that cooperate to gather, store, and sort and procedure data. From the most punctual crossroads in the cutting edge history of the PC, the individuals and the business world have seen the constant turn of events and development of PC framework that requires meeting the objective of Information innovation. We have the totally new universe of data and correspondence promptly accessible through PC. With its phenomenal principles the defenders chose to think of this proposition which point was to give quality client assistance in the business, plan a framework that screen report, can the amount of stock things, can decide reorder or creation point, can produce report, can check the basic degree of an item, This examination would clearly profit the owner of Muella Trading. Mr.Muella the proprietor of Muella Trading has information as far as equipment since he previously worked at Hardware Company. With that information the owner chose to had own business. The business began on February 8, 2009 at Guinobatan Albay by Mr. Eugine Muella and Mrs. Marites Napili Muella.The notice organization has 4 workers/worker. That organization has four class regarding item they retail the electrical, plumbing, equipment and items use for development. For just about two years in the business the owner are utilizing the manual stock framework. With this sort of framework the procedure of their exchanges are exceptionally moderate and it is a tedious to their business exchanges. This is the principle motivation behind why they chose to move from manual to mechanized deals and stock framework. The moving of stock was made conceivable by the defenders to make the day by day exchanges of the organization quicker, simpler and increasingly precise. The framework encourages them to kill issues on deals, stockpiling and recovery of stock information for the stock status. 2.2 Statement of the Problem 2.0 Methodology of the examination Light-footed is a training based approach for demonstrating and documentation of programming based frameworks. It is proposed to be an assortment of qualities, standards, and practices for Modeling programming that can be applied on a product advancement venture in a more adaptable way than customary Modeling strategies. It is a based on the establishment of iterative development.[ Karthiksangi2009] ‘The Home Page of Karthiksangi’ http://karthiksangi.wordpress.com/lithe procedure/ The advocates utilized lithe as their strategy in building up the framework on account of its stages, which is fit in building up the propose framework. Prerequisites The initial phase in the Agile Modeling is to recognize some significant level prerequisites just as the extent of the discharge. The prerequisites inside a dexterous procedure are pretty much ’suggestions’, and are available to more discussion by the group during different stages. The Agile strategy is increasingly versatile to changes in prerequisites as the task develops. The defenders recognize first the base and general necessities of the framework they will be create and they led a meeting to the organization so it would helped them in getting data about the prerequisites that required in building up the framework. Engineering and Design The objective of the engineering and configuration stage is to attempt to distinguish a design that has a decent possibility of working. The structure is determined in a demonstrating meeting, in which issues are investigated, until the group is fulfilled that they comprehend what should be conveyed. The defenders structured a database which is fit and competent for the framework they created and characterized the traits, information passage and relationship of them. Regarding this, the advocates made a Graphical User Interface structured that can permit clients to collaborate with the framework. Advancement The framework is conveyed gradually after some time, in little modules that have quick business esteem, as opposed to building and afterward conveying a framework in a solitary â€Å"big bang† discharge. By concentrating improvement on littler modules, coordinated activities can control costs in spite of the appearing absence of arranging. The defenders make, plan and build up a propose framework they examining. In this stage the defender still in growing part and they all the more focusing and concentrating on making a little module which is truly required to that framework. 3.0 Review of Related Studies Snap programming Inventory System It is a profoundly configurable framework intended to improve stockroom activities. The framework oversees thing expert design and characterizes stock areas, screens thing amount, area and status of stock just as related delivery, getting, picking and set aside process data. The framework is equipped for giving programmed distinguishing proof utilizing standardized tags to stock articles which incorporate any sort of physical resources, apparatuses and supplies, save parts, crude materials, completed products, and machines. This framework diminishes distribution center expense and improves client support by accelerating the merchandise taking care of procedure, giving straightforward and exact stock information, improves your asset arranging coming about to expanded profitability and diminished work costs. Retail and Inventory System This stock framework empowers upkeep and handling of deals, buys and stock information to plan exchanges, archives and create reports. It gives data helpful to dynamic in regards to deals, buys and stock checking. This framework arranges your stock exchange and gives helpful review trails of stock developments, subtleties and accounts to permit improved command over your speculation. The highlights of the frameworks are the framework has an exceptionally secure secret word. The framework keeps up thing profile, client profile, provider profile. The buys offices incorporate buy things and buy return. The framework additionally structure a business offices incorporate deals Items and deals trade. The framework has report offices that incorporate exchange rundown and POS retail reports. In connection of this the advocates got a thought that it would help them being developed of the framework they create. Both stock framework have a decent and magnificent highlights that the defenders can use in there framework, for example, profoundly security of the program that would profit the administration of the organization in such a case that it is exceptionally security the more secure of framework and different highlights that would likewise profit for the administration as well as to different clients too. 4.0 Theoretical Framework Database Management System (DBMS) The hypothesis on database the board become the establishment in making the capacity of records in propose framework. A database the board framework (DBMS) is a program that lets at least one client make and access information in database. It oversees client demand so client and different projects are liberated from understanding where the information are truly found, and in a multi-client framework that else will likewise be getting to the information. In taking care of client demands, the DBMS guarantees the honesty of the information. In taking care of client demand, the DBMS guarantees the honesty of the information. (That is ensuring it keeps on being available and is reliably composed as expected) and its security (ensuring that just those with get to benefit can get to the information) A DBMS can be thought of as a document director that oversees information in database as opposed to records in document framework. In IBM’s fundamental edge working framework, the number recovery information chiefs are known as access strategies. A DBMS is typically an inalienable piece of a database item. On PC’s Microsoft Access is a mainstream case of a solitary or little gathering client DBMS. Microsoft SQL Server is a case of a DBMS that empowers a client to store, alter and extricate data from a database. [WOOD2007] Social Database Management System (RDBMS) RDBMS is a kind of database the executives framework that stores as related tables. Social database is amazing in light of the fact that it requires little supposition about how information are connected or how this information will be removed from the database. A significant of social framework is that a solitary database can be spread over a few tables. This contrasts from level †record database, in which every database is independent in a solitary table. Practically full-scale database frameworks are RDBMS. Little database framework, nonetheless, utilize different structures that give less adaptability in presenting questions. [CASH2005] Information Security PC framework makes sure about the records from unapproved clients and shields the information from misfortune. The advocates made sure that all the records put away in the database are sheltered and ensured. Subsequently, they utilized the applications based from hypothesis, information security. Information security is methods for guaranteeing that the information are remained careful from debasement and that entrance to its appropriately controlled. In this manner, information security assists with guaranteeing security and assurance that’s why most PC framework receives safety efforts that include information encryption and secret key. Information encryption is the transmission of information into from that is indiscernible without a translating instrument. A secret word is a mystery word or expression that gives a client access to specific program or framework. [WOOD2007] Networking Systems administration is a framework that transmits any blends of voice, video and information between clients. The system incorporates the system working framework in the customer and server machines interfacing them and all supporting equipment in the middle of, for example, scaffolds, switches and switches; in remote frameworks, radio wires and towers are likewise part of a system. In Information innovation, a system is a progression of focuses or hubs interconnected by correspondence way. The most well-known topology is the transport, star, token ring and work topologies. System can likewise be arranged as far as spatial separation as Local Area systems (LAN’s), Metropolitan zone Network (MANâ€?

Essay Writing Samples - The Best Way to Improve Your IELTS Score

Essay Writing Samples - The Best Way to Improve Your IELTS ScoreYou might be trying to improve your IELTS score, and this is a very easy way to do it. If you are having trouble getting a higher score than you currently have, then there are many tips and strategies that you can use in order to get yourself there. If you think that IELTS essays writing samples can help, then you will be able to learn a lot about how to write an essay that you might not have known before.Essays are quite difficult to write, but you can find many helpful tips in this article. The important thing to remember is that you need to focus on the right strategy is all about focusing on the correct information. This means that you need to know what kind of essay that you should be writing and how to go about writing it.To start with, you need to find a good IELTS essay writing samples. This is a very important step because you want to make sure that you are taking advantage of the best resources available in ord er to make sure that you get the best possible IELTS score. You can find lots of information online, including free IELTS essays writing samples, but you need to make sure that you know which ones are the best.Of course, if you are reading this article then you already know the answer to this question. So, this is something that you can easily find out by looking through the links in this article. This will give you a good idea about the type of essay that you should be writing and where to find the best essay samples available.The second tip that you should remember is that you need to practice very hard in order to get the best possible IELTS score. Remember that the key here is to be ready to practice until you are totally satisfied that you have the ability to write the essay effectively. You will find a lot of free resources online that will help you learn how to do this, but you need to know that you need to be willing to do this.In addition to these two things, you will find that the third tip that you should remember is that the harder you try, the better you will do in getting an IELTS score. You will find that there are some very helpful tips that will help you improve your writing skills. Of course, you will also find some strategies that you can use to make sure that you do not make mistakes and that you do not get discouraged when you do make mistakes.Another thing that you should know about IELTS is that you can also use the test as a way to improve your personal and professional life. Of course, you will find that the ability to communicate and learn with ease will improve your social life and your professional life. Of course, there are also many other things that you can use the test for, but you need to make sure that you know that they can be a great tool for you.These are just some of the good tips that you can find in the article that you are reading now. Remember that the best way to improve your score is to focus on the right strategy is learning from a really good source. You can find plenty of free essay writing samples online, but you need to know that you need to take full advantage of this and the only way to do this is to take the time to learn as much as you can from the Internet.

Glossary of Terms Regarding Evolution

Following are definitions of common terms referring to the Theory of Evolution that everyone should know and understand, though this is by no means a comprehensive list. Many of the terms are often misunderstood, which can lead to an inaccurate understanding of evolution. The links lead to more information on the topic: Adaptation: Changing to fit a niche or survive in an environment Anatomy: Study of the structures of organisms Artificial Selection: Characteristics selected by humans Biogeography: Study of how species are distributed across the Earth Biological Species: Individuals that can interbreed and produce viable offspring Catastrophism: Changes in species that happen because of quick and often violent natural phenomena Cladistics: Method of classifying species in groups based on ancestral relationships Cladogram: Diagram of how species are related Coevolution: One species changing in response to changes in another species that it interacts with, particularly predator/prey relationships Creationism: Belief that a higher power created all life Darwinism: Term commonly used as a synonym for evolution Descent With Modification: Passing down traits that might change over time Directional Selection: Type of natural selection in which an extreme characteristic is favored Disruptive Selection: Type of natural selection that favors both extremes and selects against the average characteristics Embryology: Study of the earliest stages of development of an organism Endosymbiotic Theory: Currently accepted theory as to how cells evolved Eukaryote: Organism made of cells that have membrane-bound organelles Evolution: Change in populations over time Fossil Record: All known traces of past life ever found Fundamental Niche: All available roles an individual can play in an ecosystem Genetics: Study of traits and how they are passed down from generation to generation Gradualism: Changes in species that happen over long periods of time Habitat: Area in which an organism lives Homologous Structures: Body parts on different species that are similar and most likely evolved from a common ancestor Hydrothermal Vents: Very hot areas in the ocean where primitive life might have begun Intelligent Design: Belief that a higher power created life and its changes Macroevolution: Changes in populations at the species level, including ancestral relationships Mass Extinction: Event in which large numbers of species died out completely Microevolution: Changes in species at a molecular or gene level Natural Selection: Characteristics that are favorable in an environment and are passed down while undesirable characteristics are bred out of the gene pool Niche: ​Role an individual plays in an ecosystem Organelle:Â  Subunit within a cell that has a specific function Panspermia Theory: Early theory proposing that life came to Earth on meteors from outer space Phylogeny: Study of relative connections between species Prokaryote: Organism made up of the simplest type of cell; has no membrane-bound organelles Primordial Soup: Nickname given to the theory that life started in the oceans from the synthesis of organic molecules Punctuated Equilibrium: Long periods of consistency of a species interrupted by changes that happen in quick bursts Realized Niche: Actual role an individual plays in an ecosystem Speciation: The creation of a new species, often from evolution of another species Stabilizing Selection: Type of natural selection that favors the average of the characteristics Taxonomy: ​Science of classifying and naming organisms Theory of Evolution: Scientific theory about the origins of life on Earth and how it has changed over time Vestigial Structures: Body parts that seem to no longer have a purpose in an organism

Meaning and Uses of Decompilation

Simply speaking, decompilation is the inverse of compilation: translating an executable file into a higher level language. Suppose you lose your Delphi projects source and you only have the executable file: reverse engineering (decompilation) is useful if the original sources are not available. Hm, sources not available, does this mean that we can decompile other peoples Delphi projects? Well, yes and no... Is True Decompilation Possible? No, of course not. Fully automated decompilation is not possible - no decompiler could exactly reproduce the original source code. When a Delphi project is compiled and linked to produce a standalone executable file, most of the names used in the program are converted to addresses. This loss of names means that a decompiler would have to create unique names for all the constants, variables, functions, and procedures. Even if a certain degree of success is achieved, the generated source code lacks meaningful variable and function names.Obviously, source language syntax no longer exists in the executable. It would be very difficult for a decompiler to interpret the series of machine language instructions (ASM) that exist in an executable file and decide what the original source instruction was. Why and When to Use Decompilation Reverse engineering can be used for a several reasons, some of which are: Recovery of lost source codeMigration of applications to a new hardware platformDetermination of the existence of viruses or malicious code in the programError correction when the owner of the application is not available to make the correction.Recovery of someone elses source code (to determine an algorithm for example). Is This Legal? Reverse engineering is NOT cracking, although it is sometimes difficult to draw the fine line between those two. Computer programs are protected by copyright and trademark laws. Different countries have different exceptions to the copyright owners rights. The most common ones state that it is ok to decompile: for the purposes of interpretability where the interface specification has not been made available, for the purposes of error correction where the owner of the copyright is not available to make the correction, to determine parts of the program that are not protected by copyright. Of course you should be very careful / contact your lawyer if you are in doubt whether you are permitted to disassemble some programs exe file. Note: if you are looking for Delphi cracks, key generators or just serial numbers: you are on the wrong site. Please bear in mind that everything you find here is written/presented for exploration / educational purposes only. For the moment, Borland does not offer any product capable of decompiling an executable (.exe) file or the Delphi compiled unit (.dcu) back to the original source code (.pas). Delphi Compiled Unit (DCU) When a Delphi project is compiled or run a compiled unit (.pas) file is created. By default the compiled version of each unit is stored in a separate binary-format file with the same name as the unit file, but with the extension .DCU. For example unit1.dcu contains the code and data declared in the unit1.pas file. This means that if you have someones, for example, component compiled source all you have to do is to reverse it and get the code. Wrong. The DCU file format is undocumented (proprietary format) and may change from version to version. After the Compiler: Delphi Reverse Engineering If you would like to try to decompile a Delphi executable file, these are some of the things you should know: Delphi programs source files are usually stored in two file types: ASCII code files (.pas, .dpr), and resource files (.res, .rc, .dfm, .dcr). Dfm files contain the details (properties) of the objects contained in a form. When creating an exe, Delphi copies information in .dfm files into the finished .exe code file. Form files describe each component in your form, including the values of all persistent properties. Every time we change a forms position, a buttons caption or assign an event procedure to a component, Delphi writes those modifications in a DFM file (not the code of the event procedure - this is stored in the pas/dcu file). In order to get the dfm from the executable file we need to understand what type of resources are stored inside a Win32 executable. All programs compiled by Delphi have the following sections : CODE, DATA, BSS, .idata, tls, .rdata, .rsrc. The most important from decompiling point of view are the CODE and .rsrc sections. In the Adding functionality to a Delphi program article some interesting facts about Delphi executables format, class info and DFM resources are shown: how to reassign events to be handled by other event handlers defined in the same form. Even more: how to add your own event handler, adding the code to the executable, that will change the caption of a button. Among many types of resources that are stored in an exe file, the RT_RCDATA or the Application-defined resource (raw data) holds the information that were in the DFM file before the compilation. In order to extract the DFM data from an exe file we can call the EnumResourceNames API function... For more information on extracting DFM from an executable go see: Coding a Delphi DFM explorer article. The art of reverse engineering has traditionally been the land of technical wizards, familiar with assembly language and debuggers. Several Delphi decompilers have appeared that allow anybody, even with limited technical knowledge, to reverse engineer most Delphi executable files. If you are interested in reverse engineering Delphi programs I suggest you to take a look at the following few decompilers: IDR (Interactive Delphi Reconstructor) A decompiler of executable files (EXE) and dynamic libraries (DLL), written in Delphi and executed in Windows32 environment. Final project goal is development of the program capable to restore the most part of initial Delphi source codes from the compiled file but IDR, as well as others Delphi decompilers, cannot do it yet. Nevertheless, IDR is in a status considerably to facilitate such process. In comparison with other well known Delphi decompilers the result of IDR analysis has the greatest completeness and reliability. Revendepro Revendepro finds almost all structures (classes, types, procedures, etc) in the program, and generates the pascal representation, procedures will be written in assembler. Due to some limitation in assembler the generated output can not be recompiled. The source to this decompiler is freely available. Unfortunately this is the only one decompiler I was not able to use - it prompts with an exception when you try to decompile some Delphi executable file. EMS Source Rescuer EMS Source Rescuer is an easy-to-use wizard application which can help you to restore your lost source code. If you lose your Delphi or CBuilder project sources, but have an executable file, then this tool can rescue part of lost sources. Rescuer produces all project forms and data modules with all assigned properties and events. Produced event procedures dont have a body (it is not a decompiler), but have an address of code in executable file. In most cases Rescuer saves 50-90% of your time to project restoration. DeDe DeDe is a very fast program that can analyze executables compiled with Delphi. After decompilation DeDe gives you the following: All dfm files of the target. You will be able to open and edit them with Delphi.All published methods in well commented ASM code with references to strings, imported function calls, classes methods calls, components in the unit, Try-Except and Try-Finally blocks. By default DeDe retrieves only the published methods sources, but you may also process another procedure in a executable if you know the RVA offset using the Tools|Disassemble Proc menu.A lot of additional information.You can create a Delphi project folder with all dfm, pas, dpr files. Note: pas files contains the mentioned above well commented ASM code. They can not be recompiled!

Common Mistakes in Writing - 1362 Words

Common Mistakes in Writing: Comma Splice In your writing, there are 3 major problems that we commonly have to address as teachers/instructors/professors/etc. I want you to take the time to read about these. While we don t expect this to fix your issues instantly, we are hoping that you ll aim to make less of these mistakes in the future (especially on your papers, where these errors WILL be counted off for). Comma Splice -- Commas are tricky because there are so many different ways you can use them, but one of the most common ways to use commas is to separate two main clauses that are connected by a coordinating conjunction. That just means that when you join two things that could be sentences on their own with a word such as†¦show more content†¦You ll notice that with run-on sentences and comma splices, the two are very similar issues and solved in the same manner. It s a good rule of thumb to remember them together. If you need any help, contact Dr. Wilson or myself. Common Mistakes in Writing: Sentence Fragments The last major error that we encounter in writing is the sentence fragment. These are a bit trickier to solve than the other two issues, but you should have no problem as long as you take your time with them. Sentence Fragment--A part of a sentence that is punctuated as a complete sentence. It may lack a subject, a predicate, or both, or it may be a dependent clause. It can be fixed in one of three ways: He quit his job. And cleared out his desk. (the second sentence is wrong) This deals with a missing subject or predicate. These are usually the result of faulty punctuation of a compound predicate. Either add the subject, or change the punctuation to incorporate the fragment into the preceding sentence: He quite his job. And he cleared out his desk. Or: He quit his job and cleared out his desk. A missing or incomplete predicate is often the result of using a verbal instead of a finite verb. Usually, the best remedy is addition of a helping verb: Sheila waiting to see you. Becomes: Sheila is waiting to see you. Although a dependent clause has a subject and a predicate, it cannot stand alone as a sentence because it begins with a relativeShow MoreRelated: Common Mistakes in Essay Writing and How to Avoid Them1929 Words   |  8 PagesThe dirty dozen: common mistakes in essay writing and how to avoid them Undergraduate research essays generally suffer from particular problems. This brief document highlights the most common problems and what can be done to avoid such problems. If your essays ends up being afflicted with any of these problems, we will put a number (with a circle around it) that pertains back to the listed problems in this document. 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Economics and Quantitative Analysis Demand and Employment

Questions: 1.Explain why real GDP might be an unreliable indicator of the standard of living. 2.Why does unemployment arise and what makes some unemployment unavoidable? 3.Consider the following statement: When the average level of prices of goods and services rises, inflation rises? Do you agree or disagree? Explain. 4. What is the aggregate demand (AD) curve and why does it slope downwards? Explain. 5.What is the long run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve and why is it vertical? Why does the short run aggregate supply curve slope upwards? Answers: 1. In order to measure the standard of living, real GDP is mostly used however; due to several causes, it can be misleading. This is mostly because real GDP does not comprise household production, useful activities performed in and around the house by the house owner. This in turn creates key measurement problem as these tasks are considered as an important element of the work of the individual. The underground economy as well as the economic activity that is legal is omitted by Real GDP (Fleurbaey and Blanchet 2015). It also does not include the measurement of health and life expectancy of an individual. Environmental harm is also barred from real GDP. Leisure time of an individual is also not a part of real GDP. Leisure time are valued by everyone and as a result, an increase in the leisure time enhances economic welfare of an individual that in turn lowers the well-being of the nation. Thus, it can be concluded that an economy that grows at the expense of its environment, misleadingly appears to offer greater economic wellbeing as compared to a similar economy that expands somewhat more slowly but at less environmental cost (Brynjolfsson and McAfee 2015). 2. Unemployment is mostly considered as an e economic reality and even a healthy economy has a certain level of unemployment. Unemployment arises mostly due to government regulation. According to labor laws, employers require to pay certain amount of wages and provide health insurance as well as other benefits when they hire a certain number of workers. This in turn adds to the cost of every worker and forces companies to hire fewer workers and terminate existing employees in order to make the remaining workforce more reasonably priced. Unemployment also arise due to increased competition between trades that leads to unemployment as trades looks for ways to reduce their costs in order to enlarge expansion or draw investors. Increased automation is also considered as a major historical reason of unemployment that leads to job loss in some industries. Increased automation is also referred to as increased technology that displaces employees. On the other hand, assistance programs by gov ernments that offers financial help to the unemployed workers are mostly considered as the root reason for unemployment. In other words, a noteworthy portion of unemployment statistics refers to individuals who register as part of the labor force in order to receive benefits. The most common cause for structural unemployment is technological change. In the long-run demand for workers is larger as compared to the temporary demand. As a result, the rate of unemployment is larger as compared to its natural rate (Levine 2013). Unemployment is unavoidable because there are always people who enter the workforce looking for a job at any point in time. On the other had there are some individuals who stops looking for a job if they are not able to find any. Unemployment is also unavoidable due to the existence of depressed employees (Holzmann, Gcs and Winckler 2012). 3. It is agreed that when the average level of prices of goods and services rises, inflation rises. Inflation is considered as the rate of increase in prices over a given time period. Inflation represents the overall expense of the appropriate set of commodities and services over a certain time period. The cost of living of an individual depends on the average level of prices of goods and services. Inflation is all about the general increase in the prices of goods and services. The major inflationary trigger is the fall in unemployment or the increase in economic movement. Inflation leads to speculative purchasing that leads to wastage. The average increase in price is mostly associated with inflation that is increases in paper money (Woodford 2012). 4. In macroeconomics, aggregate demand indicates the total demand for completed goods as well as services in an economy at a specified time. It denotes the amounts of commodities and services that will be purchased at all possible level of prices. It is also indicated as the demand for the gross domestic product of a country. It is also known as the effective demand however; at other times, this term is eminent (Gal 2013). The aggregate demand curve mostly slopes downwards due to three diverse effects, such as wealth effect of Pigou, interest rate effect of Keynes and exchange rate effect of Mundell-Fleming. Figure 1: aggregate demand curve slopes downwards (Source: Created by Author) According to the Pigou effect, a higher level of price indicates lower real wealth and as a result, lowers consumption spending. This in turn gives a lower amount of goods demanded in the aggregate. On the other hand, when prices fall an individual becomes wealthier, a circumstance that induces more customers spending. Therefore, a fall in the price level persuades customers to spend more, thus raising the aggregate demand. The Keynes effect on the other hand, states that a higher level of price implies lower real money supply and as a result, higher rates of interest results from fiscal market equilibrium. On the other hand, a low rate of interest raises the demand for investment as the cost of investment decreases with the rate of interest. The third cause that slopes the aggregate demand curve downwards is the exchange rate effect of Mundell-Fleming. Domestic investors mostly have a tendency to invest in foreign currency, if the domestic rate of interest is low as compared to inte rest rate available in foreign countries (Rao 2016). 5. The relationship between price level and output in the long-run is represented by the long-run aggregate supply. It differs from the short-run aggregate supply and is a presentation of potential output. Since LAS is considered as impending output, it is shifted by the factors that have an impact on impending output. These factors includes obtainable resources, capital, private enterprise as well as technological developments (Case, Fair and Oster 2012) Figure: LAS curve is vertical (Source: Created by Author) The LAS curve is vertical because, it indicates a potential output and when this takes place all prices, such as input prices, increases when an increase in price level takes place (Motyovszki 2013). Figure: SAS curve is upward sloping (Source: Created by Author) The graph shows that the SAS (short-run aggregate supply) curve is upward sloping as firms have a tendency to rise the level of price with the increase in demand and because in sale markets they are upward sloping curves. The two major theories that help to explain why the SAS curve is upward are the sticky-wage model and the sticky-price model (Bernanke, Antonovics and Frank 2015). References Bernanke, B., Antonovics, K. and Frank, R., 2015.Principles of macroeconomics. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Brynjolfsson, E. and McAfee, A., 2015. 5. Computing Bounty: GDP and Beyond1.Understanding the Growth Slowdown, p.87. Case, K.E., Fair, R.C. and Oster, S.M., 2012.Principles of economics. Prentice Hall,. Fleurbaey, M. and Blanchet, D., 2015. Book Review of Beyond GDP: Measuring Welfare and Assessing Sustainability. Gal, J., 2013. Notes for a new guide to Keynes (I): wages, aggregate demand, and employment.Journal of the European Economic Association,11(5), pp.973-1003. Holzmann, R., Gcs, J. and Winckler, G. eds., 2012.Output decline in Eastern Europe: unavoidable, external influence or homemade?(Vol. 34). Springer Science Business Media. Levine, L., 2013. The increase in unemployment since 2007: Is it cyclical or structural?.Current Politics and Economics of the United States, Canada and Mexico,15(3), p.345. Motyovszki, G.E.R.G.?., 2013. The Evolution of the Phillips Curve Concepts and Their Implications for Economic Policy. Rao, B.B. ed., 2016.Aggregate demand and supply: a critique of orthodox macroeconomic modelling. Springer. Woodford, M., 2012.Inflation targeting and financial stability(No. w17967). National Bureau of Economic Research.

Differences in Health Traditions Between Different Cultures Essay Essay Example

Differences in Health Traditions Between Different Cultures Essay Essay Cultural Differences Heritage has been described as the way in which individuals identify, reflect and subscribe to their shared way of life through the lifestyle they lead. A heritage assessment tool is a dependable tool that can be used to analyze, restore, protect and maintain a persons cultural beliefs. Factors such as beliefs, norms, and values that an individual acknowledges and practice are subjected to study in the assessment of peoples heritage. This paper will offer a discussion on the appraisal of culture assessment as a cultural study tool on researching different families alongside their health traditions. The evaluation to be done on the different cultures, American, Hispanic and Indian differences and similarities to identify the different cultural perspectives on health restoration, maintenance, traditions, and promotion. The awareness of a culture is the persons cognizance of their cultural values, attitudes to health and their backgrounds. The Heritage Assessment Tool is an instrument that can be used in the healthcare industry to understand the patients beliefs and cultures before treating them hence an important tool to understand and analyze. The assessment tool comprises of 29 questions which have been answered by three different people from different cultures. They are from Guyana- Hispanic culture, Indian culture and American culture. The main issues being addressed include their childhood lives, their religious practices, their family attachments with relatives and how they live with their neighbors. It has also focused on beliefs and values at adult life. American Culture We will write a custom essay sample on Differences in Health Traditions Between Different Cultures Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Differences in Health Traditions Between Different Cultures Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Differences in Health Traditions Between Different Cultures Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One of the cultures identified within the heritage assessment tool is the American culture, the authors culture. The origin of the individual is Georgia as both parents were born there. The grandparents on the other side are from Ireland and the United States. The person, therefore, is linked to different ethnic cultures which can be linked to different health traditions. The individual has grown up in an urban setting which indicates that she is used to the scientific norms of attending hospitals and health centers to seek proper health attention. There is the use of medication to maintain, promote and restore. In our family, we were raised to believe that good health is fostered by physical activity, good nutrition as well as thinking positively. As a child who has grown up in an urban setting, there is more emphasis on living healthily, eating food with the right nutrition and participating in exercises to keep ones body fit and healthy. Additionally, the preference of being a Pro testant indicates that there are Christian beliefs and values followed. On religion in the American culture, has been practicing religion at home and practices Bible reading as well as praying at home. A Christian religion indicates that there are beliefs on with a spiritual view on health restoration, maintenance, and promotion. Positive thinking, trusting in God, meditation and prayer are some of the cultural views the American culture has (Albala, 2011). There is also a traditional view of health as our culture has focused on the preparation of the foods from the ethnic community. It is believed that most of these foods are healthy and have positive impact on ones health hence can maintain and restore ones health when you are unwell on need medical attention. Guyana Culture The assessment of the Guyana culture which is a blend of Indian, African, Dutch, Portuguese and Spanish cultures with a South American decent (Kittler, Sucher Nahikian-Nelms, 2012). The person has both parents and grandparents born in Guyana and has grown up in the rural settings. The family later relocated to the US when he was 17 years old and has maintained a close relationship with the extended family members such as the aunts and cousins majorly because raised in the rural area. He has no religious preference and has married a spouse with similar religion beliefs which would be easy for his family to have common health values and beliefs that are important in the restoration, maintenance, and promotion of health. Despite the lack of attending any religious institution, the religious practices done at home include Bible reading and good nutrition through proper diets. The individual claims that there is the preparation of food from his ethnic community which can be fostered by t he need to maintain the nutritional values of the traditional foods for good health. Additionally, the Guyanas are Native Americans, and some of their common practices include purifying rituals, use of herbal remedies, and consultation of healers to treat any illnesses. There is a spiritual belief on health as Bible reading is practiced. Therefore, the Guyana community have a belief in healing from God through healings encounters from various people in the Bible. It is clear that despite having the same ethnic background with the friends, they have different religious backgrounds thus the Guyana community has different beliefs on the spiritual perspective on health. Indian Culture The final assessment was from an Indian whose parents and grandparents are from India hence have an Indian culture. According to the Indian community, the older people consider health and wealth to be hugely related to the soul, body and mind hence can influence an individuals health. They have both traditional and modern perspectives of health maintenance, restoration, and promotion. The traditional ways the community focuses on health maintenance could be the use of yoga, participating in refreshing activities and flexible daily life routines (Doron Broom, 2013). The traditional beliefs on health include use of herbal medication and healing through shine while there are the modern culture where people seek medical attention today to seek health restoration and maintain good health. The relocation to the US at the age of 21 shows that the person had learned the cultural traditions all through his previous life where they lived with the parents, siblings, and grandparents. The relig ious preference is Baptist which indicates that there is a Christian perspective on health restoration and maintenance from God. Unlike the American and the Guyana assessments, this assessment shows a strong belief in religious practices as the participant is an active member of a religious institution and attends it weekly. On the other hand, there are religious practices practiced as home including celebrating religious holidays, Bible reading and praying. There is also a traditional maintenance on ethnic foods, and they can foster the health of the individual. Analysis Culture The review of the different cultures discussed above reveals that the Americans, Indians and Guyanas have differences and similarities in cultural beliefs on health practices. All the cultures ensure their maintain their ethnic food preferences, practice religious practices such as Bible reading and speaking and reading their native languages indicating that they are well-versed with the traditional values of their different cultures. Religious practices indicate that they have spiritual perspectives on a supreme being taking care of their health and restoring it when they are not well. However, the Indian culture seems more bonded to religious practices than the Guyana and American participants because he occasionally attends a religious institution, unlike the rest who practice it at home only. Conclusion on Differences of Cultures In conclusion, the Heritage Assessment Tool has enabled one to understand and analyze the different culture beliefs the Americans, Indians and Guyanas have on health practices. Despite having similarities such as a focus on ethnic foods and practicing religious beliefs for the three cultures, the Indian seems more focused on the religious practices as the Indian participant is active religiously unlike the rest. The health practices of the three cultures are influenced by the traditional practices, the modern cultures and the religious practices of the different communities. References Albala, K. (2011). Food cultures of the world encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Calif: Greenwood. Doron, A., Broom, A. (2013). Health, culture and religion in South Asia: Critical perspectives. Routledge. Kittler, P. G., Sucher, K., Nahikian-Nelms, M. (2012). Food and culture. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.

Free Essays on Holy Wars

Millions of people over the course of history of the world have died because of holy wars and crusades. Religious belief systems have created more specific boundaries with attention to detail to ideology than ever before and some of these certain religious restrictions or laws have been the cause of holy wars and deaths. The Crusades were Holy Wars by European Christians between the 11th and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims, the holocaust was an annihilation of the Jews organized by Adolf hitler, and a jihad is a Muslim holy war and some Muslims kill themselves in order to harm others just for the fulfillment of their religious God or guaranteed entrance to heaven. These men and women who participate in these events believe that what they are doing is for the utmost benevolence. They believe only goodwill come out of their deed. Their simple minds disable them from recognizing the truth that their immoral actions only bring malice and evil. In the beginning of all religions, a belief structure was formed based upon multiple ideas. In religious circumstances, ideas are better to have rather than belief systems built upon them. All religions need to lift their restrictions and limitations or be more lenient. In some Muslim countries, women cannot reveal their faces themselves in public and most catholic leaders cannot have sexual relations which leads to law breaking and punishment. These boundaries just create problems, which are necessary to have in belief systems. Innocent people do not have to die because of all of the types of restrictions in any religion. These restrictions and laws need to be more flexible or lifted because wars and immoral actions can be avoided.... Free Essays on Holy Wars Free Essays on Holy Wars Millions of people over the course of history of the world have died because of holy wars and crusades. Religious belief systems have created more specific boundaries with attention to detail to ideology than ever before and some of these certain religious restrictions or laws have been the cause of holy wars and deaths. The Crusades were Holy Wars by European Christians between the 11th and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims, the holocaust was an annihilation of the Jews organized by Adolf hitler, and a jihad is a Muslim holy war and some Muslims kill themselves in order to harm others just for the fulfillment of their religious God or guaranteed entrance to heaven. These men and women who participate in these events believe that what they are doing is for the utmost benevolence. They believe only goodwill come out of their deed. Their simple minds disable them from recognizing the truth that their immoral actions only bring malice and evil. In the beginning of all religions, a belief structure was formed based upon multiple ideas. In religious circumstances, ideas are better to have rather than belief systems built upon them. All religions need to lift their restrictions and limitations or be more lenient. In some Muslim countries, women cannot reveal their faces themselves in public and most catholic leaders cannot have sexual relations which leads to law breaking and punishment. These boundaries just create problems, which are necessary to have in belief systems. Innocent people do not have to die because of all of the types of restrictions in any religion. These restrictions and laws need to be more flexible or lifted because wars and immoral actions can be avoided....

Introduction to Hegel's Philosophy on Art Essay

Introduction to Hegel's Philosophy on Art - Essay Example In his work, Hegel’s (pp.35) idea revolves around the fact that art is on its way to extinction from the fact that the society is moving on its own way, a situation whereby actions that relate to art will be justified on the basis of beliefs. In the case of productions of nature and production of art, there is a great disparity between the two. Productions of art, in this case, are not much more inclined on modernity- aspects that hold less value to the perfection of art. He continues to argue that art must originate from the individuals, and not from modernity attributes that derail the progress of art. According to Hegel (pp.36), productions of nature can be described as upholding the features of aesthetics, unlike the works of art that are much more concerned with the status and recognition that the artists may acquire from their work. This, however, needs not be confused, art is not about recognition of pieces done, but recognition on good pieces produced. It is due to thi s fact that Hegel terms art as completely dead and does not believe in any idea that art may, by any chance be expected to revive. In fact, in his works, he is keen to say that there is nothing much better that the Greek architecture that come up from the exiting humanity. Hegel (pp.35) terms Greek pieces of art as aesthetics, as they embrace all the aspects of a good piece of work unlike today’s pieces that are only concerned with issues of modernity. Hegel can be indicated to seek happiness from the fact that that part of ‘true’ art is gone and no one can improve or change that. Productions of art, on the other hand, do not encompass, what Hegel would term as basic â€Å"need† from which all art-making process operates- the spirit- but just come up with pieces that would elevate the status of the artist. Hegel’s thoughts comparison on the productions of art versus the productions of nature can be best understood under the definition of both concep ts. Productions of art, according to Hegel, are motivated by the visual images or rather the sensory perceptions of the artist. Productions of nature, according to Hegel (pp.36) are not vivid enough, as it emanates from the human mind, and at times, the entire aspect can be considered vague. Concepts of nature, in this context, can be described as being too imaginative to be real. Productions of art according to Hegel revolve around ideas of beauty. Beauty, as he describes includes the ideas behind composition of any piece of art by an artist. This turns down to the basic need of production of art as underlying from the spirit of the artist. Judgment of the pieces of art can be described if the piece of art is good enough or not. Hegel’s argument on art, in essence, revolves around the concept of well-organized thoughts prior to the compilation of any piece of art. As a result, productions of art revolve around the senses and spirits that have created such great pieces of art . On a layman’s point of view, productions of art can be described as those pieces that communicate various forms of messages to the target audience with a lot of ease. Just like other areas like Philosophy, Psychology developed; art has gone through a form of transition from medieval art to art that conveys meanings to

Define Newtons 1st, 2nd and 3rd Laws. How do these relate to an Essay

Define Newtons 1st, 2nd and 3rd Laws. How do these relate to an exercise Give at least 3 examples - Essay Example It states that if a force is exerted on a body with mass m then the body would only accelerate or decelerate in the direction of the relative forces. Hence it can be concluded that F=ma where f is force, m is mass and a is acceleration. A real life example of the second law can be considered when the horsepower of a car is analyzed. If a car has a horsepower of 2300CC then it would move at a great speed. Similarly if the mass of this car is increased then the speed would decrease in the same manner. And lastly if the horsepower of the car is increased without changing the mass then the car would move at an even higher speed. The third law of Newton states that every action has an opposite reaction which would try to oppose the action in real. A real life example of this law can be seen when we are swimming or rowing. It is seen that as we push the water behind the water exerts a force in response which helps us move ahead. Both action and reaction can be seen in this

Evaluation of Hemodialysis Patients’ Tumor Marker

Evaluation of Hemodialysis Patients’ Tumor Marker CEA tumor marker level associates comorbidity of hemodialysis patients Purposes: Hemodialysis (HD) affects serum concentration of biomarkers. However, it remains unclear about the effect of HD on the levels of biomarkers, and efficacy of biomarkers in HD. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of HD on commonly used tumor markers. Methods: A total of 28 unselected patients (22 men, 6 women) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), treated with maintenance HD, were enrolled in this study. GOT and tumor markers CA-153, CA-125, and CEA are measured. Results: The mean age was 57.6  ± 12.6 years, HD duration was 51.0  ± 34.0 months. Tumor marker CEA level is correlated to Charlson’s score of HD patients, levels of CA153 and CA125 are not correlated to age, duration of dialysis and Charlson’s score. GOT level is correlated to age, and Charlson’s score. Mean value of CEA level (5.9 ±4.0 ng/ml compared to normal value of 3 ng/ml for non-smoker and 5 ng/ml for smoker) is larger than normal value. Levels of CA153 (13.3 ±11.6 U/ml), CA125 (35.2 ±38.9 U/ml) and GOT value (20.4 ±8.9 U/L) fall in normal range. Conclusions: Concentration of CEA tumor marker is correlated with Charlson’s score which strongly correlated with HD outcome. GOT value is correlated with age and Charlson’s score which implies liver function drop in long term HD patients. Keywords: biomarkers, End-Stage Renal Disease, evaluation, hemodialysis, CEA. Introduction Hemodialysis (HD) is widely used for kidney failure patients who may represent a variety of underlying causes, including diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis. The dialysis membrane in artificial kidney tube filtrates out small molecules especially for small molecular weight proteins (i.e., et. al. shows that cancer-free HD man demonstrated significantly lower PSA compared to controls [8]. Here we examine the serum level of commonly used molecular biomarkers, i.e., CA-153, CA125, CEA, and GOT of HD patients. Patient and materials Study subjects Experiments performed in this study complied with the current laws and regulations in Taiwan, Republic of China. All procedures are followed by the ethnical guideline and approved by Kaohsiung Armed Forces Hospital committee, Taiwan. A total of 28 persons between the ages of 37 and 76 years with end-stage renal disease, receiving dialysis treatment three times per week, were enrolled in a prospective study in March 2008. Dialysis was carried out using a Nikkiso DBB-22B dialysis machine with 4 hours session. Dialyzer with APS 18MD (Asahi Kasei, Osaka, Japan, polysulfone membrane, surface area 1.8 m2, in vitro clearances for urea, 198 ml/min for QB-200 ml/min). Blood flow rate was setting at 200 ml/min. Patients with vascular success insufficiency which can’t reach required blood flow rate was excluded. Ultrafiltration rate (512 ±85 ml/h) was adjusted according to the patients’ needs. The flow and temperature of the dialysate was 500 ml/min and 37oC, respectively. Vascu lar access was either via an arterio-venous fistula (sixteen treatments), graft (nine treatments), or a Perm catheter (three treatment). Serum CA-153, CA125, CEA, GOT levels were measured before and immediately after HD using low-flux membrane. Blood/serum collection Serum samples were collected from HD patients during and after the course of HD treatment. 5 ml blood was collected in EDTA tube. The serum were then stored in 4oC and processed within 12 hours. The serum samples were centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min prior to splitting into aliquots and stored at -20oC. Laboratory methods The serum levels of CA-153, CA125, CEA and GOT were measured with Abbott Axsym analyzer (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, III). The reference ranges of the markers were: CA-153, 0-31.3 U/ml; CA-125, 0-35 U/ml; CEA, 0-3 ng/ml for non-smoker, and 0-5 ng/ml for smoker; GOT, 0-32 U/L. Statistical analysis The data reported are means  ± standard deviations (SD). Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used for analyses of linear associations. Because the concentrations of serum tumor markers were not normally distributed, significance of differences was assessed by Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test. The level of statistical significance was always set at P Results Baseline demographic and clinical data We analyzed 28 patients, of which 22 were men and 6 were women. The baseline demographic and clinical data are summarized in Table 1. All patients are diagnosed as end-stage renal failure. The mean age was 57.8  ± 12.6 years. Mean dialysis vintage was 51.0  ± 34.0 months. Measurement of tumor marker concentration of hemodialysis patients The mean value of CA-153, CA125, and GOT fall in normal range (16.5 ±16.3 before hemodialysis, and 18.6 ±16.3 after hemodialysis, compared with 31.3 U/ml normal value, 35.2 ±38.9 before dialysis, and 34.3 ±41.2 after hemodialysis, compared to Correlates of serum markers Correlations between serum markers levels and age, duration of dialysis and Charlson’s score are tested. Of all variables, patient age and Charlson’s score are correlated with levels of some serum markers. CEA level was correlated with Charlson’s score (r=0.42, p=0.03) (Fig. 1).GOT level was correlated with age (r=0.42, p=0.02) (Fig. 2) and Charlson’s score (r=0.48, p=0.01) (Fig. 3). Other variables, including CA-153, CA125 is not correlated with age (r=0.07, p=0.7; r=0.2, p=0.3, respectively), and also not correlated with duration of HD, Charlson’s score (Table 2). Direct effect of hemodialysis on concentration of serum markers Since the data of CA-153, CA125, CEA and GOT fail in normal distribution test, Wilcoson signed rank tested is chosen to compare groups before and after hemodialysis. Groups of CA-153, CA125, CEA, and GOT before hemodialysis are not significantly different to that after hemodialysis (Table 3). Discussion CA-153, CA-125, CEA are commonly used tumor markers. CA-125 is a glycoprotein with high molecular weight (> 200 kDa), and is a cancer antigen for monitor mesothelium especially for ovarian cancer. Recently, CA-125 is used to monitor mesothelial cell viability in PD patients [9,10]. CEA is carcinoembryonic antigen with a molecular weight about 180-200 kDa, commonly used for monitoring gastric cancer [11], weakly correlate with carotid atherosclerosis [12], and with prognostic value of colorectal cancer in PD patients [13]. The mean value of CEA of 28 patients is higher than normal value, which is consistent with previous reports that patients with ESRD are usually with higher risk of cancer, and with higher levels of tumor markers [14]. In our cases, patient no.2, 5, 9, 13 and 27 were expired within 1 year after diagnosis. Patient no. 2 is finally diagnosed as hepatoma, patient no. 5 is cirrhosis of liver and died in septicemia, patient no. 9 is died in leukemia, and patient no 13 is died in lung cancer. It shows that high levels of CEA correlated with Charlson’s score which implies poor outcome, however it remain further confirmation. CA-153 is correlated to risk of liver disease. Though 8% patients were diagnosed liver diseases, but their GOT value fall in normal range, and CA-153 values of them were also normal. There are many reports indicated that long term hemodialysis may affect levels of biomarkers. We showed that biomarkers alter non-significantly after one HD procedure. It is interesting that recent report indicated acute effects of HD treatment on up- or down regulation of apoptotic genes in blood leucocytes [15] Tumor markers were produced by neoplastic cells, and can also be secreted by normal tissue. Many chronic diseases, e.g., inflammation, chronic bronchitis, cirrhosis of liver and renal diseases, affect the metabolism and elimination of tumor markers, may contribute the long term elevation of tumor markers. Our data show that short term effect of HD on patients is not significant. And all 4 serum markers are not correlated with duration of HD. It seems that the response of patients to HD doesn’t directly affect levels of these serum markers. However, CEA and GOT are shown to be candidates markers for monitoring HD outcome as they are positively correlated with Charlsonà ¢â‚¬â„¢s score. Table I Baseline demographic and clinical data GFR, glomerular filtration rate; NPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate, *Modified Charlson’s comorbidity score is calculated according to Beddhu S, 2000. Table II. Correlation of serum markers and age, duration of HD, and Charlson’s score. Table III. Comparison of serum tumor markers before and after hemodialysis Legends to Figures Figure 1.Scatter plots, regression line, and 95% confidence intervals reflecting correlations between serum levels of CEA and Charlson’s score of 28 HD patients. Figure 2.Scatter plots, regression line, and 95% confidence intervals reflecting correlations between serum levels of GOT and Charlson’s score of 28 HD patients. Figure 3.Scatter plots, regression line, and 95% confidence intervals reflecting correlations between serum levels of GOT and age of 28 HD patients.

Free Essays: Odysseus of the Odyssey and Moses of Exodus :: comparison compare contrast essays

Odysseus of the Odyssey and Moses of Exodus The Book of Exodus is considered to be an epic poem as by definition. An epic poem as defined by Funk and Wagnalls is a poem celebrating in stately, formal verse the achievements of heroes, gods, and demigods (426). The Book of Exodus as well as the entire Bible was written in the form of an epic poem. Major characteristics of epic poems are that there is always a heroic figure. Moses is indeed comparable to Odysseus, the heroic figure in the Odyssey. Although both men had different purposes they are still considered comparable according to the definition of an epic. Like Odysseus, Moses was at one with the gods. In Moses' case it was only one almighty god. Moses had a special covenant with God. It was as if Moses was Gods' body on earth. Moses spoke Gods' words and acted upon his request. Moses possessed many characteristics that made him a great man. In the Exodus there were many examples where Moses showed his great wisdom. He also possessed somewhat magical power given to him by God. He also had a divine purpose in life. Moses was on a "mission from god" so to speak to deliver his people from bondage. His mission was similar to those of other typical epics. It was of course a very dangerous and exhausting journey that lasted a very long time. There were many obstacles to overcome as well as internal affairs among the Hebrews. Moses was born a Hebrew but was raised as the prince of Egypt. Just like Odysseus, Moses was a man of nobility. Moses did not know he was a Hebrew until he was a much older man. He was living a lie without even realizing it. "And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren (Exodus 2. 11). It was then that Moses realized who he was, but he was still unaware of his destiny to lead his people out of bondage. When Moses realized who he was he fled to the land of Midian. Free Essays: Odysseus of the Odyssey and Moses of Exodus :: comparison compare contrast essays Odysseus of the Odyssey and Moses of Exodus The Book of Exodus is considered to be an epic poem as by definition. An epic poem as defined by Funk and Wagnalls is a poem celebrating in stately, formal verse the achievements of heroes, gods, and demigods (426). The Book of Exodus as well as the entire Bible was written in the form of an epic poem. Major characteristics of epic poems are that there is always a heroic figure. Moses is indeed comparable to Odysseus, the heroic figure in the Odyssey. Although both men had different purposes they are still considered comparable according to the definition of an epic. Like Odysseus, Moses was at one with the gods. In Moses' case it was only one almighty god. Moses had a special covenant with God. It was as if Moses was Gods' body on earth. Moses spoke Gods' words and acted upon his request. Moses possessed many characteristics that made him a great man. In the Exodus there were many examples where Moses showed his great wisdom. He also possessed somewhat magical power given to him by God. He also had a divine purpose in life. Moses was on a "mission from god" so to speak to deliver his people from bondage. His mission was similar to those of other typical epics. It was of course a very dangerous and exhausting journey that lasted a very long time. There were many obstacles to overcome as well as internal affairs among the Hebrews. Moses was born a Hebrew but was raised as the prince of Egypt. Just like Odysseus, Moses was a man of nobility. Moses did not know he was a Hebrew until he was a much older man. He was living a lie without even realizing it. "And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren (Exodus 2. 11). It was then that Moses realized who he was, but he was still unaware of his destiny to lead his people out of bondage. When Moses realized who he was he fled to the land of Midian.

A Memorable Moment in My Life

There are many memorable moments in my life, but the one that stands out most to me would be the day that my husband Eric got bit by a copperhead snake. I was working as a dental assistant at the time and we would go to the nursing home once a week and see patients there. I had just arrived to the nursing home and was getting everything set up and ready for the dentist, as I was doing so my phone rang. It was a guy named Gary that Eric worked with.He said, â€Å"Tina this is Gary and I need you to stay calm when I tell you this. I said, â€Å"Gary what is it just tell me what is going on? † He then began to tell me that he and Eric were walking up a hill to spray the ride away and when Eric got to the top of the hill he put his hand down to pull himself up and put his hand right on the copperhead and it latched onto his thumb and bit him. Gary told me that he was already in the ambulance and on his way to the hospital, but his hand was already swollen really bad and had turn black.I quickly got off the phone and went straight to Paul B. Hall Regional Medical Center the hospital they were taking Eric to. I arrived at the same time he did I ran up to the Doctor at the E. R. his name was Dr. Arnold. I ask him is he going to be okay because I knew that he had gotten a lot of the venom because his arm was twice the size it normally was. Dr. Arnold told me he would take good care of him and make sure he had the best care possible.He had nurses in the room for 13 hours measuring his arm and taking his vitals. And after about thirteen hours of praying God stopped the swelling and he got to go home. I stayed up all night checking his vitals myself and measuring every fifteen minutes and by the grace of God he didn’t loose any fingers or his hand and that was a big concern. Although he does have a lot of significant damage he is alive and that’s what matters to me.

The State Of Georgia Have Quality Early Childhood Education

†¢ Purpose The purpose of this policy is to ensure that all children in the state of Georgia have quality Early Childhood Programs that are accessible, affordable, comprehensive, and sustainable. Crafting strategic and thoughtful policy in the forefront will ensure the academic achievement, social development and future success of the state’s youth. †¢ Scope This policy will aim to address the social, academic and general health needs of all children from birth to the age of 8 years in the state of Georgia. Key players (stakeholders) include students, parents, educators, community members, community leaders and policymakers in Georgia. †¢ Definitions o Early Childhood Education o Low socioeconomic status o Certified teacher o Prison Pipeline o Holistic Education o Cradle to College †¢ Background and Rationale The Need: Time and time again, people agree upon the need for and the benefits of an early childhood education system, but very little change takes place. In Georgia, there is a prevalent need for effective programming for children of low socioeconomic status backgrounds. Research strongly claims that children from poor communities that enroll in center care demonstrate positive cognitive effects (Loeb et al, 2004). According to Zimmerman and Pepper Jr., two capitalists invested in prekindergarten programs, ―A child’s brain grows to roughly 85 percent of its full capacity in the first five years of life. These are also the years when a child’s sense of what isShow MoreRelatedShould the Government Fund Public Preschools?1739 Words   |  7 PagesMoney cannot buy happiness, but it can buy education. In this great country of ours, education is not a privilege it is a right. All children are given the opportunity to a free education. An education that should allow them to become high school graduates, 21st Century scholars, and prepare them as leaders to sustain this nation. What happens though when this is not the future for all children? 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Exposing children to an early learning experience that will promote a positive learning environment to ensure Kindergarten readiness is what drives the program. Upon arrival, each child is screened using the Brigance 4-year-old tool to assess and determine the child’s developmental skills and abilities. According to the text, â€Å"Classroom tests and assessments